Ancient judaism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ancient judaism - Essay Example Another important issue that strikes me is whether the Baal stele representing the image of Baal is the one that Elijah challenged from during the mount Camel protest. The book portrays how the temple warning inscriptions were of great importance to the Jewish community during ancient time (Shaye, 2006). I perceive that the temple inscription is vital is vital understanding the study of biblical archaeology and gives us the real picture of how events unfolded in the temple or synagogue. The book has helped gain insight on how the Maccabees ruled the Jews up to the time of Mishna publication in second century when Jesus Christ was on earth. In addition, the issues of intellectual, social, and literary aspects are well explained in trying to understand the literature of early Christianity. During the time of Jesus, when he saw the inscription he understood that his own life would be used to save the gentiles go past their problems and barriers. The temple in ancient Judaism helped in major religious ceremonies in that it was a place specifically designed for education, charitable work, and prayer, as well a social place where only people from Judah were allowed to enter. This implies that they were very serious on matters concerning worship. It is also vital to note that the history of the temple as presented in this book depicts how Judaism developed from the time of Roman Empire up to the time of Jesus Christ. This conclusion is made after a careful analysis of how events unfolded in Judah (Shaye, 2004). The bar kohba revolted against the roman empire which led to the establishment of an independent state in the same way students need to revolt against barbaric philosophies of these and strive to work hard as independent figures without influence from other people. Inaddition, Rabban Yochanan ben Zakkai gave lectures of Rabban and Rebbe Gamliel even though he lived before them. from

Cultural Influences in Children Essay Example for Free

Cultural Influences in Children Essay The negative influences for video games: children are always playing it or wanting to play their xbox, wii or playstation, not wanting to go to school. Children will want to be on the game for several hours or all day. Children or adults can have seizures from the movement of all the changing lights and from the lights flashing especially in the dark. Children can have nightmares from playing a game called Call of Duty it has a zombies part. Children can also shoot zombies and people with guns and might act this out in real life even shoot at people. These games are violent, and gory. Children can play Grand Theft Auto they are playing as a gang member and your boss tells you to do crimes and get away with it. The police try to catch him but he can get away with whatever it is he does. When children get old enough they might try to steal cars, run people over, and beat up people and cops for no reason. The children might not know in real life they will get caught. They cannot hide from the cops. Grand Theft Auto can make children more aggressive, more violent at school and at home. Children can also talk on these games to other children or even adults online. They can hear cussing and talk about other things not needed for this game. Video Games can make children socially isolated, doing less homework, less hanging out with friends, can make children obese, less exercise, less going out, and less spending time with family. Interest children in different activities: soccer, football, baseball, tennis, volleyball. These sports would be a good exercise so the children will not be obese, just sitting in front of the television playing games. Encourage your child to get involved in other outdoor activities with other children in the neighborhood such as bike riding, or just childhood games outside can help tag, hid and seek or at a YMCA swimming, basketball. Get the child to play with his toys for a few hours out of the day. Go to the park for a day have a picnic, go hiking and go sightseeing. By telling Child to go outside and playing a sport or get involved in child activities will get them away from the video games. Tell the child to go bike riding around the block and get their mind off of wanting to play Grand Theft Auto would be better than them thinking of steal cars and beating up people. Another negative cultural influence is television. It has television shows children should not be watching, not much learning. Television is not always great it has a few channels that are learning channels but most are not teaching children anything. Some channels like Disney or nickelodeon have some learning shows but that is only in the early morning or way late at night and only for children that are in the younger ages. Cartoon network changes to adult swim after a certain hour. Children should not be watching these shows to name a few Family Guy, American Dad, and Robot Chicken. Family Guy has a talking dog, lots of cussing and is violent and also has sexual content. Robot Chicken is a show that does some parodies of other shows with cussing and violence as well. Children like to always watch television, but it is not educating children and is a waste of time for them when they can be doing other educated activities. Getting children educated is a better idea than watching television they will need to be educated for school. So having them read chapter books or read other books or magazines for a while will get them away from the television. Have children write a story or a few sentences to a paragraph depending on how old they are about what they have read or would want to read or learn about. Have children go outside and start a garden, plant vegetables and fruit. Learn how to grow a garden to pick fruit and vegetables when they are ready to be eaten. Children can always stay inside and play a board game there are a few games to play monopoly, trouble, and cards are really fun games. Boggle and scrabble would be also good to use their brains.

Management Leadership :: essays research papers

Management and Leadership In today’s business, there is the need of having people to lead and manage due to the them growing rapidly. For that, reason organizations are hiring leaders and managers to help them run their businesses. Many would think that management and leadership are synonymous to each other but they are not. The two are related, but their functions are different. Below I will differentiate their roles and responsibilities in maintaining a healthy environment in an organization. In addition, I will give recommendations to create and maintain a healthy organizational culture. Management and leadership are both important in an organization, but they seek two different things. Managers focus on managing the work that needs to be done by putting their employees to help them accomplish the objectives while leaders focus on leading people to the companies vision. Management also focuses on the short-term events, they ensure that the resources are used and improvement is made within time frames of days, weeks and months. Leaders, in the other hand deals with uncertainly, they focused on long term events such as policies and procedures. Managers empowers (not only delegate) staff and develops them for advancement. Managers has to seek feedback and listen, they have too build visions and missions with their staff. Managers has to respond promptly to staff and manager has to manage creatively and to demonstrate good examples to the staff It is important to manage the organization culture and to know the weaknesses. The goal of the organization should not only emphasize on being profitable but also to be an enjoyable place to work in. The most important assets in any organization is its employees, and nothing affects the day to day lives of the employees more than the culture in which they work. Because of poor culture can result in bad work life experience for employees, which in turn will result in higher turnover. Making the cost of retraining people in key positions, and the brain drain that comes because the new person doesn’t know quite as much as the one who left. The culture of the organization needs to be enjoyable. Management Leadership :: essays research papers Management and Leadership In today’s business, there is the need of having people to lead and manage due to the them growing rapidly. For that, reason organizations are hiring leaders and managers to help them run their businesses. Many would think that management and leadership are synonymous to each other but they are not. The two are related, but their functions are different. Below I will differentiate their roles and responsibilities in maintaining a healthy environment in an organization. In addition, I will give recommendations to create and maintain a healthy organizational culture. Management and leadership are both important in an organization, but they seek two different things. Managers focus on managing the work that needs to be done by putting their employees to help them accomplish the objectives while leaders focus on leading people to the companies vision. Management also focuses on the short-term events, they ensure that the resources are used and improvement is made within time frames of days, weeks and months. Leaders, in the other hand deals with uncertainly, they focused on long term events such as policies and procedures. Managers empowers (not only delegate) staff and develops them for advancement. Managers has to seek feedback and listen, they have too build visions and missions with their staff. Managers has to respond promptly to staff and manager has to manage creatively and to demonstrate good examples to the staff It is important to manage the organization culture and to know the weaknesses. The goal of the organization should not only emphasize on being profitable but also to be an enjoyable place to work in. The most important assets in any organization is its employees, and nothing affects the day to day lives of the employees more than the culture in which they work. Because of poor culture can result in bad work life experience for employees, which in turn will result in higher turnover. Making the cost of retraining people in key positions, and the brain drain that comes because the new person doesn’t know quite as much as the one who left. The culture of the organization needs to be enjoyable.

A Persistant Lichen Sclerosus Case Health And Social Care Essay

Lichen sclerosus is a lymphocyte-mediated chronic inflammatory dermatitis that most normally involves the anogenital country. Treatment options include topical corticoids, tacrolismus, C dioxide optical maser extirpation and eventually vulvectomy as surgical attack. The aim of this survey is to describe a stubborn anogenital LS topic and depict the usage of V-Y promotion flap for the Reconstruction of the perineal defect after vulvectomy. Case: A relentless LS instance who was treated succesfully with surgery is reported and literature is reviewed. The patient had good tolerated the surgical process with satisfactory decorative consequences.Decision:A multidisciplinary squad work would be ideal in the direction of relentless LS instances. Surgical intervention of LS should be reserved as a last resort for patients who were furnace lining to other medical options and in the instance of a surgical effort recontruction of the vulva should be good known. Cardinal words: Lichen sclerosus, Vulvectomy, Vulvar Reconstruction..Introduction:Lichen sclerosus ( LS ) is a benign, chronic tegument disease that most normally occures in the anogenital epithelial tissue ( 1 ) . It affects both gender and kids particularly adult females in postmenopausal ages. Although the exact aetiology is still unknown, there is a strong association between LS and autoimmune upsets such as ; alopecia areata, vitiligo, thyroid upsets and diabetes mellitus ( 2 ) . Besides the autoimmune diseases in association with HLA category II antigens, hormonal factors, infective causes, and familial influence have besides been associated with LS ( 1 ) . Authoritative LS is characterized by pronounced redness, epithelial cutting and typical cuticular alterations with an visual aspect of all right â€Å" coffin nail paper † -like pursing accompanied by symptoms of pruritus, dyspareunia and dysuria ( 3,4 ) . A considerable figure of patients ( 33 % ) are symptomless but have the clinical marks of LS on physical scrutiny. The diagnosing of LS is based upon the presence of characteristic clinical manifestations, ideally with histological verification obtained from a vulvar clout biopsy. A hold in the diagnosing may originate, due to the patients ‘ embarrassment and/or reluctance of the doctor to to the full measure the symptoms every bit good as strangeness with the disease ( 5 ) . The optimum direction of LS could be achieved with a multidisciplinary attack. Surgical intervention is preferred in the instance of a post-inflammatory sequelae, phimosis or in a malignant province. Although the presence of vulval cicatrixs or the features of the defect will restrict our surgical preferance there are many surgical options proposed for the perineal Reconstruction, including local musculus and fasciocutaneous tegument flaps ( 6,7,8 ) . We are depicting a persistant lichen induration instance who was treated surgically and recontructed with V-Y promotion vulvar flaps.Case study:A 49 twelvemonth old Caucasian adult female married for 30 old ages G3, P2, A1 enduring from vulvadynia because of relentless vulvar LS for 16 old ages, admitted to our clinic. She has been having medicine with carbamezepine for ungratified leg syndrome for six old ages. She had two cesarean subdivisions and three lumbar phonograph record hernia operations in which an internal fixator was placed to the lumbar vertebras. She used to hold local cortisol, estrogen and testosterone therapies since she received her initial diagnosing. She has had vulvar alcohol injection one time and vulvar betametasone, lidocain injections and phototherapy several times. Her history revealed a vulval denervation operation to the pudental nervus with the diagnosing of vulvadynia. Furthermore she had three times simple vulvectomy and vulval Reconstruction operations. These intervention modes failed to relieve her symptoms, and sclerosing alterations of vulvar country which extends to posterior, affecting the perineum and anus. The singular findings in her pelvic scrutiny were the hyperkerotic lichen plaques spread to anus, vaginal orifis and periclitoral country ( Figure 1a ) . We observed the vaginal orifis as narrow shaped and labia majora – minora were absent. Hyperkeratotic scars were noticable on her mons pubis due to her old surgical operations and lichen plaques. In her speculum scrutiny, vagina and neck were normal in form and uterus – bilateral ovaries were normal by transvaginal ultrasound and no malignant cells were reported in her pablum smear trial. Histopathological diagnosing of the topic was confirmed with two antecedently performed consecutive vulvar biopsies that revealed characteristic cuticular wasting and cuticular hyalinisation ( homogenisation of the collagen in the upper corium ) . Our patient had relentless and worsening symptoms and we decided to execute simple vulvectomy and V-Y promotion flap for the Reconstruction of vulvar defect ( Figure 1a ) and obtained informed consent consequently. Briefly ; urinary catheterisation was needed to forestall urethral hurt and to supply plenty wound hygiene after surgery. After vulvectomy ( Figure 1b ) , we performed V form scratchs bilaterally widening to median part of the thigh without any complication ( Figure 1c ) . The scratchs were profoundly performed until the superficial genital facia to travel the flaps freely and punctilious haemostasis was done. The mobility of the cutaneal flaps are tested. Following the release of the flap, this extra block of hypodermic tissue is folded into the defect. The sidelong transverse defect which was formed when the island flap moved medially is closed horizontally, therefore giving the concluding cicatrix a horizontal â€Å" Y † form. We aproximated the hypodermic tissue with 2/0 polyglactin 910 [ Ethicon, Edinburgh, UK ] . The tegument was closed by interrupted 3/0 polyglactin 910 [ Ethicon, Edinburgh, UK ] suturas ( Figure 1d ) . We repaired the round defect above the vaginal orifis with free rotary motion flap. No drains were placed. Postoperative closing of vulvar defect was seen perfect in form. She was hospitalized for the undermentioned two yearss ( Figure 2a ) and uretral catheterisation was removed on her 2nd twenty-four hours. All the critical marks of the patient were usual without any wound infection or haematoma in the closing. In the early postoperative period, the healing of vulva was uneventful and completed after three hebdomads ( Figure 2b ) .Discussion:A assortment of names and descriptions have been used for the disease that is presently named lichen sclerosus. In 1887, Hallopeau was the first to depict the histological characteristics of the disease ( 9 ) . LS occurs at all ages but non in newborns and is rare in the first twel vemonth of life. The disease has a bimodal extremum incidence in prepubescent misss and menopausal adult females. In a survey the prevalence of lichen sclerosus in childhood was found to be 1:900. The bulk of patients consists of adult females aged between 50-70 old ages, while 5-15 % of the LS topics were kids. Lifelong surveillance of all adult females with LS is considered indispensable because of the hazard of malignant patterned advance, ( 10 ) . Although adult females with vulval LS are at increased hazard of developing invasive squamous cell malignant neoplastic disease ( SCC ) of the vulva ( 4 ) , the estimated hazard is to be less than 5 % ( 11 ) . No grounds exists that regular check-ups cut down the hazard of malignant patterned advance. Nevertheless, patients with vulval LS should be examined at least annually and localized, relentless, nonresolving lesions should be biopsied ( 4 ) . In contrast to vulvar LS extragenital LS lesions are non associated with an increased hazard of malignance ( 9,12 ) . There is non a universally recognized direction scheme for adult females with LS. It normally provides diagnostic alleviation, without needfully rectifying the implicit in upset. The intervention of LS consists of instruction and support, behavioural alteration to keep good perineal hygiene and turning away of any local thorns, medicine and surgery. Assorted conservative curative options such as, topical testosterone, topical Lipo-Lutin, topical corticoids, estrogens, retinoic acid, retinoids, vitamin A, chloroquine and a short class of systemic corticoids are wholly accepted as intervention options ( 13 ) . All published studies on the direction of LS indicate centrist to strong topical steroids as the intervention option of pick ( 12,14,15 ) . Mild to chair authority topical corticoids are besides normally used for intervention of grownup vulvar LS ( 3 ) . Recently, ace potent topical steroids were found to be an effectual intervention for this job with both short- ( 16 ) and long-run ( 17 ) efficaciousness. Topical steroid therapy is non without complications, including the possibility of wasting, contact sensitisation, tegument alterations, and secondary infection. Although there are no good studied therapies in adult females who failed to react to corticoids, Lipo-Lutin, testosterone, retinoids, topical immune system modulating agents ( tacrolismus, pimecrolimus ) and cyclosporine has been used in some randomised tests ( 4 ) . Small randomized tests showed that Lipo-Lutin and testosterone picks are less effectual than corticoids ( clobetasol ) with more side effects ( 18 ) . Treatment with an unwritten retinoid ( acitretin ) was found to be effectual in one randomised test ( 19 ) . Successful interventions with tacrolimus oinment was reported ( 20 ) but frequently discontinued due to Burnss on application sites. As presented in our instance furnace lining instances have been treated with intradermic intoxicant injections with variable consequences ( 21 ) . Another concern must be the physicological jobs that may look ( i.e. narcotic maltreatment ) in relentless LS topics due to chronic vulvar hurting. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists suggests one-year scrutinies for patients whose LS is good controlled and more frequent visits for those with ill controlled disease ( 15 ) . Surgery does non hold a cardinal function in the intervention scheme of LS and could be considered as a last resort to handle complications secondary to the LS ( 22,23 ) . Surgical intercession in LS should non be aimed at taking the disease but at deciding complications of the disease: to let go of a inhumed button, to divide fused labia, or to widen a narrowed introitus in instance of ailments about clitoric symptoms ( hurting or sexual clitoric disfunction ) ( 22 ) . Its usage is limited since scars and contractures may look after surgery. However, if surgery is the preferable intervention mode, it is of import to cognize how to retrace the vulva. Patients wish to go on their sexual life every bit shortly as possible. V-Y promotion flap is an effectual method for Reconstruction of the perineal part. This technique will supply better blood supply and nervus esthesis and will let the expanding of the vaginal orifis. The principle behind the surgical therapy is chiefly to handle those patients who did non or react ill to medical intervention and secondly to forestall the development of invasive carcinoma of the vulva ( 23 ) . Our patient had a long medical history about LS in which she had received several local therapies, phototherapy, surgical efforts and systemic medicines for 16 old ages. All intervention modes were discussed with the household and the concluding determination of the patient was surgery due to her exhaustion and better decorative outlook. Consequently, surgical intercession must be deferred until LS has been controlled with medicine or should be reserved for pull offing postinflammatory sequelae. If an excisional process ( i.e. vulvectomy ) is the preferable intervention mode, Reconstruction of the vulvar defect with V-Y promotion flap seems to be an applicable and extremely effectual surgical technique with its good decorative consequences and rapid healing after surgery.LegendsFigure 1: Pre and intraoperative images of vulvar lichen sclerosus patient. 1a ; hyperkerotic lichen plaques spread to anus, vaginal orifis and periclitoral country, 1b ; vulvectomy was performed, 1c ; V form scratchs bilaterally widening to median part of the thigh, 1d. closing of the tegument, giving the concluding cicatrix a horizontal â€Å" Y † form. Figure 2: Postoperative images of vulvar lichen sclerosus patient. 2a ; station operative 2nd twenty-four hours, 2b ; completed vulvar mending three hebdomads subsequently.

Communications & Crisis Essay

The Texas Division of Emergency Management (TDEM) has begun to receive official reports stating that the public water supplies of several towns in the South East Texas (SET) area have become contaminated with life-threatening biological agents. As director of this office, it is my responsibility to address contingency plans within the organization and the public; without creating panic. Areas of focus will include external and internal communication channels, communication advantages and challenges, communication strategies, applicable technology, technology utilization, and media opportunities. Successful management of the situation requires the establishment of teams and communication channels. Organization teams include a state relations team, district relations, media relations, and a crisis communications team (CCT). State, district, and media relations will communicate with CCT acting as coordinator. As the director of TDEM, I will be in charge of the CCT and oversee all organization operations. The state relations team till will be in charge of communications with the Texas Department of Health, the Texas Department of Public Safety, the Texas Emergency Management Council (TEMC), and other government officials. According to Texas law, mayors and county judges serve as emergency management directors, bearing the responsibility for maintaining an emergency management program within their respective jurisdictions (TDEM, 2014). This will help with local emergency coordination’s. The district relations team will engage with local authorities to organize emergency response operations. The media relations team will communicate with local and online media sources and keep them informed of the issue. Our organizations communication channels can instantly connect with multiple organizations at once. This gives our organization a major advantage. We have the ability to spread and collect information quickly and on a grand scale. Information needs to be disseminated as fast and efficiently as  possible. The challenges associated with communications is the coordination of all efforts. According to Athena du Pre, lack of communication can lead to duplicated efforts, costly (and sometimes life-threatening) delays, frustration, and wasted time (Du Pre, A., 2003). During crisis events delays and wasted time can cost lives. This means that our team must keep in constant communication with other organizations to prevent overlapping efforts. Crisis communication is an ongoing process. Having a crisis communication plan is important so that more time can be spent acting and less time be spent making decisions. Examining the communication process of other crisis events can be a useful way to identify successful strategies. In 1979, the Three Mile Island reactor malfunctioned. The major form of communication used to report the event at the time were televisions and radios. Access to information was limited and local television and radio station bore the bulk of public inquiries. Organization communications had to be accomplished via telephones or face-to-face. Public communications were also limited to telephones and face-to-face. In 2005, Hurricane Katrina ravaged the city of New Orleans and left a large portion of it underwater. The major forms of communication during this event included television, radio, and the internet. With this event the internet provided quick connection and communication with multiple entities. Information could also be transferred on faste r and larger scale. However, with this particular event a large portion of the public had to go without electricity for an extended period of time. Without electricity television, radios, and the internet cannot be operated. Smartphones existed at the time, but were not as abundant. Those with smartphones and cell phones had a small window for communications after the loss of electricity. Unfortunately, these devices require recharging and are useless after so many hours. Examination of these scenarios provide proof of the importance of information access during times of crisis. In 1979, their limited resources increased the levels of public concern. In 2005, their lack of resources reduced the number of communication channels. Many people were left clueless and helpless. I believe that a good way of utilizing this knowledge is to prepare for similar situations. Publishing emergency information to the public on a wide variety of channels means more access to information, less confusion, and better coord ination of efforts. Fortunate for us, the current  scenario is not a threat to public electrical systems. However, we should be prepared for interruptions or breakdowns amongst communication channels. Each team should have contingencies in place, in case one or more resources is lost. These contingencies should include backup agencies, officials, and media sources. Teams should also have contingencies in place incase internal communications are interrupted or broken-down. Organization teams should allocate responsibilities between different members. If something happens to a team member, their responsibilities should either be divide up amongst all other team members or given to a single member. This largely depends on the size of responsibility and number of available team members. If an entire team becomes unavailable, then that teams responsibilities will be divided by the CCT and distributed amongst the remaining teams. Public contingency plans must also be addressed. In this scenario there are effectively two distinct immediate dangers. Lack of public knowledge leading to exposure, and difficulties decontaminating the public water supplies. In regards to public knowledge, it’s important that information be disseminated not only through technological communication channels, but through ground communication channels as well. Public and municipal service employees of all types should be called upon to spread the word throughout the public. The more entities that can be informed via employer to employee, the better. In regards to decontamination, the public should be fully aware that government agencies are working around the clock to solve the issue. Government entities should also offer access to alternative water supplies. During times of hurricanes, many agencies and charitable services hand out bottled water from multiple locations in their respective cities. This strategy should be utilized with the current scenario. If necessary, these services should be offered for as long as they are needed. As indicated in the previous scenarios, technology and the spread of the information go hand in hand. With the addition of the internet and digital communications, the communication process has become much more versatile. Social media often provides as a communications network for the public. Social media users can connect with other users and members of the public to share information and coordinate efforts. In today’s world many people have smartphones that are capable of internet access. These devices provide people with the ability to  access information no matter where they are. The downside to this technology is the requirement of data access. Times of crisis can overwhelm internet infrastructure, making communications slow or impossible. Short messaging services (SMS)’s are a good way of combating this effect. The benefit of SMS’s is that they operates on the mobile carrier signal rather than the connection used for mobile voice and data, allowing messages to be delivered and received on mobile devices even when the networks are too congested to make voice calls (Anonymous, 2014). Emergency alerts are also able to be broadcasted this way. Those with smartphones can be sent instant notifications; keeping them updated with current information. These systems can be used to inform a large number of people all at the same time. Compared to previous crisis scenarios, it’s possible that some technologies could be used differently. With the expansion of available communication channels, reliance on some technologies may not be as abundant as it once was. Television and radios no longer bare the sole burden of emergency broadcast communications. This can free up the efforts of local news and radio stations. Fewer public inquires to contend with, increases the overall resources of the stations. People will still call the stations for information, but the number will be significantly lower than it was in previous scenarios. In some cases television and radio may not even be utilized. Advancement in technologies has allowed the home computer to become the central h ub for information in some homes, and amongst many college students. Computers can be used for watching television and listening to radio programming. This technology increases the need for broadcasting emergency information over internet channels. Media opportunities of this management crisis include redundancy broadcast. According to a study from the University of Texas, redundancy is often necessary to overcome the noise in people’s lives because it reveals that people’s urgency perception increased after receiving three messages (Stephens, K., Barrett, A., & Mahometa, M., 2013). Having the media broadcast continual information will help increase the urgency perception of the public. The more people that are made aware, the less potential there is for casualties. Social media could also be used as a way to broadcast emergency information to different groups. Sites like Facebook and Twitter, can be used to spread information. Users connected or â€Å"subscribed† to  different groups receive notifications from those groups. This allows for information to be spread quickly across a major network. Often groups will be connected to other groups. When one group learns of the emergency they can then share the information with another group, and so on. Crisis management is an urgent matter that must be handled swiftly and efficiently. Planning and communications are vital for coordinating efforts. To protect the public, organization and communication strategies and contingencies must be in place. Communication channels must be established and their advantages and challenges should be known. Applicable technologies and their utilizations should be identified. Media opportunities should also be known so that appropriate communication channels can be utilized as a means of keeping the public informed. References Anonymous. (2014). Dynmark International: SMS is most effective communication channel during emergency. (2010). Wireless News, Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/750383013?accountid=458 Du Pre, A. (2003). Communicating About Health (2nd ed.). Boston, MA: McGraw Hill HIPAA compliance. Corrections Forum, 12(1), 15-16. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/214412170?accountid=458 Seeger, M. W. (2006). Best Practices in Crisis Communication: An Expert Panel Process. Journal of Applied Communication Research, 34(3), 232-244. doi:10.1080/00909880600769944 Stephens, K., Barrett, A., & Mahometa, M. (2013). Organizational Communication in Emergencies: Using Multiple Channels and Sources to Combat Noise and Capture Attention. Human Communication Research, 39(2), 230-251. doi:10.1111/hcre.12002 Texas Department of Emergency Management (TDEM). (2014). Retrieved from http://www.txdps.state.tx.us/dem/ he Fiscal Year of 214.